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The importance of data residency hygiene is not a new reality, but cloud services tend to focus more on user productivity and less on user data privacy. The highly-productive nature of these services increases their adoption, resulting in a data that is at greater risk of exposure. With GDPR coming soon, it is important for to take steps to keep up. Here are some things to consider:
Identify important data. Enforcing a very broad policy on all types of content can be too restrictive and may hinder productivity. Enterprises will need to identify critical data that will need to be controlled within the geo-boundaries. This may be data relating to regulatory mandates such as health records, personally identifiable information and even company confidential data. All other content that does not fall under these constraints need not be controlled within the geo-boundaries.
Determine your geo-boundary and monitor movement of your data. To keep your important data where it belongs, you also need to determine the boundaries where the data should reside. In some cases, PII may be required to stay with a region (like the EU) and in other cases, it may be required to stay within the narrow bounds of a country such as Germany. A CASB can perform content inspection to identify important data as well as report on the movement of such data. To control data traveling beyond the geo-boundaries requires the CASB to map an IP address into graphical locations and proactively apply policies to keep the data where it should reside.
Ensure cloud services enforce geo-control. Get visibility into the cloud services used by your organization and understand how ready these applications are for enterprise use. A CASB can also allow you to rate cloud services from a GDPR-readiness standpoint. This rating is usually based on research on the cloud service and considers factors such as SLAs around data residency, the level of encryption of the content processed, and terms in the agreement between the enterprise and the cloud service. For example, applications that take ownership of user data will be rated poorly for GDPR readiness.
Build policies to ensure data is within its geo-boundaries. No matter how ready the cloud services are, there may be a legitimate need to move data outside the region for business reasons. Also, sometimes employees may inadvertently move data outside its geo-boundaries. There are several steps you can take to proactively enforce geo-control in these situations. A CASB can help with enforcing a policy so that data is encrypted if moved outside the geo-boundaries for legitimate reasons. In all other cases, enforce policies to simply stop data from leaving the geo-boundary.
Remember that employees will often travel outside the region and will need access to sensitive data so that they can continue to be productive. Ensure policies for such employees continue to respect data residency. It may be easier to simply block traffic to or from certain countries based on how your business is conducted.
Build a process for tighter geo-control. Employees play a big part in your data residency hygiene. Reduce risk by educating users on a periodic basis. A CASB can be set up to coach the employee at the time the risky data transfer is conducted. Coaching can also be used to discourage applications that are not ready for geo-control. It is also important to continually monitor and sharpen the policies as you learn how your sensitive data travels.
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