¡La inscripción ya está abierta para SASE Week 2023! Inscríbete en la lista de invitados.

  • Servicio de seguridad Productos Edge

    Protéjase contra las amenazas avanzadas y en la nube y salvaguarde los datos en todos los vectores.

  • Borderless SD-WAN

    Proporcione con confianza un acceso seguro y de alto rendimiento a cada usuario remoto, dispositivo, sitio y nube.

La plataforma del futuro es Netskope

Intelligent Security Service Edge (SSE), Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB), Cloud Firewall, Next Generation Secure Web Gateway (SWG) y Private Access for ZTNA integrados de forma nativa en una única solución para ayudar a todas las empresas en su camino hacia el Servicio de acceso seguro Arquitectura perimetral (SASE).

Todos los productos
Vídeo de Netskope
Borderless SD-WAN: el comienzo de la nueva era de la empresa sin fronteras

Netskope Borderless SD-WAN offers an architecture that converges zero trust principles and assured application performance to provide unprecedented secure, high-performance connectivity for every site, cloud, remote user, and IoT device.

Leer el artículo
Borderless SD-WAN
Adopte una arquitectura de borde de servicio de acceso seguro (SASE)

Netskope NewEdge es la nube privada de seguridad más grande y de mayor rendimiento del mundo y ofrece a los clientes una cobertura de servicio, un rendimiento y una resiliencia incomparables.

Más información sobre NewEdge
NewEdge
Tu red del mañana

Planifique su camino hacia una red más rápida, más segura y más resistente diseñada para las aplicaciones y los usuarios a los que da soporte.

Obtenga el whitepaper
Tu red del mañana
Netskope Cloud Exchange

Cloud Exchange (CE) de Netskope ofrece a sus clientes herramientas de integración eficaces para que saquen partido a su inversión en estrategias de seguridad.

Más información sobre Cloud Exchange
Vídeo de Netskope
Cambie a los servicios de seguridad en la nube líderes del mercado con una latencia mínima y una alta fiabilidad.

Más información sobre NewEdge
Lighted highway through mountainside switchbacks
Habilite de forma segura el uso de aplicaciones de IA generativa con control de acceso a aplicaciones, capacitación de usuarios en tiempo real y la mejor protección de datos de su clase.

Descubra cómo aseguramos el uso generativo de IA
Habilite de forma segura ChatGPT y IA generativa
Soluciones de confianza cero para implementaciones de SSE y SASE

Más información sobre Confianza Cero
Boat driving through open sea
Netskope hace posible un proceso seguro, rápido y con inteligencia cloud para la adopción de los servicios en la nube, las aplicaciones y la infraestructura de nube pública.

Más información sobre soluciones industriales
Wind turbines along cliffside
  • Recursos

    Obtenga más información sobre cómo Netskope puede ayudarle a proteger su viaje hacia la nube.

  • Blog

    Descubra cómo Netskope permite la transformación de la seguridad y las redes a través del servicio de seguridad (SSE).

  • Eventos & Workshops

    Manténgase a la vanguardia de las últimas tendencias de seguridad y conéctese con sus pares.

  • Seguridad definida

    Todo lo que necesitas saber en nuestra enciclopedia de ciberseguridad.

Podcast Security Visionaries

Leveling Up the SASE Conversation
Robert Arandjelovic and Gerry Plaza sit down to chat with Max Havey about how embracing a SASE journey can help bring networking and security teams closer together.

Reproducir el pódcast
Leveling Up the SASE Conversation
Últimos blogs

Cómo Netskope puede habilitar el viaje de Zero Trust y SASE a través de las capacidades del borde del servicio de seguridad (SSE).

Lea el blog
Sunrise and cloudy sky
SASE Week 2023: Your SASE journey starts now!

Únase a nosotros para la cuarta SASE Week anual, del 26 al 28 de septiembre.

Registrarse
SASE Week 2023
¿Qué es Security Service Edge (SSE)?

Explore el lado de la seguridad de SASE, el futuro de la red y la protección en la nube.

Más información sobre el servicio de seguridad perimetral
Four-way roundabout
  • Nuestros clientes

    Netskope da servicio a más de 2.000 clientes en todo el mundo, entre los que se encuentran más de 25 de las 100 empresas de Fortune

  • Soluciones para clientes

    Le apoyamos en cada paso del camino, garantizando su éxito con Netskope.

  • Comunidad de Netskope

    Aprenda de otros profesionales de redes, datos y seguridad.

  • Formación y certificación

    La formación de Netskope le ayudará a convertirse en un experto en seguridad en la nube.

Ayudamos a nuestros clientes a estar preparados para cualquier situación

Ver nuestros clientes
Woman smiling with glasses looking out window
El talentoso y experimentado equipo de servicios profesionales de Netskope proporciona un enfoque prescriptivo para su exitosa implementación.

Más información sobre servicios profesionales
Servicios profesionales de Netskope
La comunidad de Netskope puede ayudarlo a usted y a su equipo a obtener más valor de los productos y las prácticas.

Acceder a la Netskope Community
La comunidad de Netskope
Asegure su viaje de transformación digital y aproveche al máximo sus aplicaciones en la nube, web y privadas con la capacitación de Netskope.

Infórmese sobre Capacitaciones y Certificaciones
Group of young professionals working
  • Empresa

    Le ayudamos a mantenerse a la vanguardia de los desafíos de seguridad de la nube, los datos y la red.

  • Por qué Netskope

    La transformación de la nube y el trabajo desde cualquier lugar han cambiado la forma en que debe funcionar la seguridad.

  • Liderazgo

    Nuestro equipo de liderazgo está firmemente comprometido a hacer todo lo necesario para que nuestros clientes tengan éxito.

  • Partners

    Nos asociamos con líderes en seguridad para ayudarlo a asegurar su viaje a la nube.

Apoyar la sostenibilidad a través de la seguridad de los datos

Netskope se enorgullece de participar en Vision 2045: una iniciativa destinada a crear conciencia sobre el papel de la industria privada en la sostenibilidad.

Descubra más
Apoyando la sustentabilidad a través de la seguridad de los datos
La más Alta en Ejecución. Más Avanzada en Visión.

Netskope ha sido reconocido como Líder en el Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ de 2023 en SSE.

Obtenga el informe
Netskope ha sido reconocido como Líder en el Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ de 2023 en SSE.
Pensadores, constructores, soñadores, innovadores. Juntos, ofrecemos soluciones de seguridad en la nube de vanguardia para ayudar a nuestros clientes a proteger sus datos y usuarios.

Conozca a nuestro equipo
Group of hikers scaling a snowy mountain
La estrategia de venta centrada en el partner de Netskope permite a nuestros canales maximizar su expansión y rentabilidad y, al mismo tiempo, transformar la seguridad de su empresa.

Más información sobre los socios de Netskope
Group of diverse young professionals smiling

Phishing in the public cloud: You’ve been served

Oct 03 2018
Etiquetas
azure
Cloudphishing
microsoft azure
Microsoft Azure Security
pdf decoy
Vulnerability Advisory

Netskope Threat Protection recently detected an interesting PDF decoy hosted in Google Drive. The PDF decoy was impersonating a law firm in Denver, CO. The PDF decoy linked to an Office 365 phishing page hosted in Azure blob storage. As the phishing bait is hosted in Azure blob storage, it has a Microsoft-issued domain and SSL certificate. The combination of the Microsoft domain, certificate, and content make this bait particularly convincing and difficult to recognize as phishing. In this post, we provide detailed analyses of the PDF decoy and phishing site. Along the way, we identify similar phishing sites hosted in Azure blob storage. We conclude with some recommendations to help protect you and your organization from falling victim to similar phishing campaigns.

Netskope Detections

Netskope Threat Protection detects the PDF decoys described in this post as PDF_PHISH.Gen1

Disclosure

The phishing sites we discovered were reported to Microsoft on 17 September 2018.

Delivery

The PDF decoys traditionally arrive as email attachments to victims. They are crafted to contain legitimate content and come from legitimate sources. Often, attachments are saved to cloud storage services, like Google Drive. Sharing these documents with other users can result in the occurrence of a secondary propagation vector like the CloudPhishing Fan-out Effect. In this case, the document originally arrived in an email and was saved to Google Drive, where Netskope Advanced Threat Protection detected the file and prevented potential credential loss or fan-out.  

Analysis of the PDF decoy

The PDF decoy impersonates a law practice based out of Denver and was named “Scanned Document… Please Review.pdf”. The PDF contains a link to download the actual PDF, shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: Message displayed on execution of the PDF

Upon clicking the “Download PDF” hyperlink, the victim is presented with a message that the document is trying to connect to an Azure blob storage URL https://onedriveunbound80343[.]blob.core.windows.net as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2: PDF decoy connecting to https://onedriveunbound80343[.]blob.core.windows.net

The phishing web page presented to the victim after clicking the hyperlink is shown in Figure 3.

Figure 3: Phishing web page displayed to the victim

This phishing webpage is hosted in Azure blob storage. As a result, it has a valid Microsoft-issued SSL certificate and is hosted on a Microsoft-owned domain, as shown in Figure 4.

Figure 4: Phishing webpage hosted in Azure blob storage

At face value, seeing a Microsoft domain and a Microsoft-issued SSL certificate, on a site asking for Office 365 credentials is pretty strong evidence that the site is legitimate, and are likely enough to convince a user to enter their credentials. Upon clicking continue, the victim’s credentials are uploaded to https://searchurl[.]bid/livelogins2017/finish40.php as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5: Victims credentials uploaded to https://searchurl[.]bid/livelogins2017/finish4.php

The victim is then directed to another phishing page hosted in blob storage https://onedriveunbound80343[.]blob.core.windows.net/exceltyrantship68694/excel-login-2.html through the referer https://searchurl[.]bid/livelogins2017/finish40.php.

Figure 6: Redirection to another phishing page

The phishing page displays a message that the email or password is invalid. This message displayed is not a result of validating the credentials, but instead hard-coded as shown in Figure 7.

Figure 7: Phished page displays a message that the email or password is invalid

Upon entering the details again, the victim’s credentials are again sent to https://searchurl[.]bid/livelogins2017/finish4.php as shown in Figure 8.

Figure 8: Victims credentials uploaded to https://searchurl[.]bid/livelogins2017/finish4.php

The victim is then shown a series of redirects to several landing pages posing to download the secured document as shown in Figure 9.

Figure 9: Series of pages displayed after entering the credentials

After all these pages are displayed, the victim is finally redirected to a Microsoft page,

https://products.office.com/en-us/sharepoint/collaboration, but no document is downloaded to the victim’s machine. As the document is not downloaded, the victim might again try to re-validate the credentials or enter credentials related to another account.

Existence of similar strains

The PDF decoy we analyzed contained metadata like CreatorTool, Creator, and Producer as shown in Figure 10 that we used to identify similar attacks.

Figure 10: Decoy PDF metadata.

We found two more PDF decoys containing the same metadata. These included links to another phishing page hosted in blob storage, https://onedriveassumably232[.]blob.core.windows.net/excelcamerae27508588/excel-login-1.html. These PDFs impersonated an Oregon-based dental equipment manufacturer, as shown in Figure 11.

Figure 11: PDF decoy connecting to https://onedriveassumably232[.]blob.core.windows.net

Similar to the original bait, the credentials were sent to the same domain with a different URL path, i.e., https://searchurl[.]bid/livelogins2017/finish35.php. At the time of analysis, searchurl[.]bid resolved to the IP 181.215.136[.]146. The website is powered by Vesta, an open source hosting control panel and registered to Digital Energy Technologies Chile SpA, CL. Virustotal passive DNS also showed that the IP resolved to domains as shown in Figure 12.

Figure 12: Domains resolved by 212.83.167[.]116 in VirusTotal

Based on the URLs hosted in searchurl[.]bid and the resolved IP, there is evidence this operation has been going since August 2018. The passive DNS results also contained several iterations and combinations of domains and URL paths used by the threat actor. We don’t have any evidence to believe that the phishing campaigns are deliberately targeting the companies they were impersonating. Instead, the only link we found was that small companies in the U.S. were chosen. This attack appears to be broadly targeted toward O365 users in the US.

Other than use of Azure blob storage, another attribute of this phishing campaign that differentiates it from others we have seen in the past is its SSL usage. Every resource that is part of this campaign, including the baits in Azure and the PHP scripts for actually collecting the credentials are served over HTTPS.  The searchurl[.]bid domain has a valid SSL cert issued by LetsEncrypt. Most campaigns we have seen do not use SSL so prevalently. Using valid SSL certificates is a tool used by the threat actor to craft a more convincing bait. It is evidence that attackers are having to increase the realism of their campaigns to reach their intended targets.

Conclusiones

We have discovered a phishing attack using themed PDF decoys and Azure blob storage to steal Office 365 credentials. This phishing campaign is noteworthy because it was designed to trick users that are savvy enough to check that the domain and SSL certificate of a website match its content. In this case, the phishing bait was a Microsoft Office 365 login page, hosted on a Microsoft domain, with a valid Microsoft-issued certificate. Users can recognize that this is a phishing site based on the subdomain, which indicates that it is in Azure blob storage, and not an official Microsoft website. Enterprises should educate their users to recognize AWS, Azure, and GCP object store URLs, so they can discern phishing sites from official sites. Netskope can also prevent similar phishing campaigns from spreading in your cloud environments. Netskope has reported the phishing sites hosted in Azure blob to the Microsoft Security Response Center. We will continue to closely monitor the developments of the PDF decoys using cloud storage services, Platform as a Service (PaaS) and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and update our findings with more interesting developments.

Recomendaciones

Netskope recommends the following recommendations to combat cloud-based phishing campaigns:

  • Always check the domain of the link. Know the domains typically used when you login to sensitive services. Additionally, be able to identify common object store domains, such as those used by Azure blob storage. This knowledge will help you differentiate between well-crafted phishing sites and official sites.
  • Deploy a real-time visibility and control solution to monitor activities across sanctioned and unsanctioned cloud accounts.
  • Get comprehensive threat and malware detection for IaaS, SaaS, PaaS, and the web with real-time, multi-layered threat detection and remediation to prevent your organization from unknowingly spreading similar threats. Under the shared responsibility model, you are responsible for securing the data in your applications and preventing the spread of malware.
  • Keep systems and antivirus updated with the latest releases and patches.
author image
Ashwin Vamshi
Ashwin Vamshi es un investigador de seguridad con un interés innato en los ataques dirigidos y el malware que utilizan servicios en la nube. Se centra principalmente en la identificación de nuevos vectores de ataque y malware, campañas y ciber-delincuentes que utilizan la "nube como vector de ataque".

Stay informed!

Subscribe for the latest from the Netskope Blog